SDARL International Seminar Blog

Feb. 15-16, 2025

As the saying goes planes, trains, and automobiles... Class XII has had their version of this to start off day one of the international seminar, except our version was planes, de-icings, and airport sprints. It all brought back many fond memories of wind sprints and we all realized we are far too out of shape for this!

Nonetheless, we made our connections and arrived in Buenos Aires, Argentina, safely, where Class XII took in this colorful city from our bus tour that was led by guides Sebastian, Axel, and Laura. Class XII got off the bus and spent some time in the La Boca district, where the smell of BBQ filled the air and the hustle and bustle of the market shops filled the streets.

From the tour, Class XII enjoyed lunch at an asado buffet, where we all sampled the Argentinean BBQ along with sweet treats for dessert. The afternoon was spent with members of Class XII having some free time where many chose to immerse themselves in the Sunday culture of touring markets, museums, and hanging out in some of the most beautiful parks Buenos Aires has to offer, while others chose to catch up on some long overdue siestas.

The evening events concluded day one as we enjoyed supper and entertainment at a tango show at Tango Porteno. After leaving this show there are many who walked away in awe as this form of dance is fast and full of passion and a far cry from our good ol' down home line dancing and two-stepping. Who knows, you may just see a Class XII member trying to perfect their tango skills when we get back to South Dakota!

-By reporter Elliot Kinnnander

-Photographer Kiera Leddy

Feb. 17, 2025

Reflecting on our seminar theme of "perspective;" one definition would be a particular attitude towards or a way of regarding something. That is exactly what Class XII experienced on day two of our international seminar. We started off with a visit to CREA, the Argentine Asociation of Regional Agricultural Experimentation Consortiums. CREA is a nonprofit organization made up of small groups of local farmers who meet regularly to try and help each other maximize production with sharing of ideas, research, and knowledge. This information is then aggregated and shared with the other CREA members. Class XII got a behind-the-curtain look at the economics of the agribusiness sector from the producer standpoint. The "perspective" of CREA from our South Dakota background would be a members-only form of state extension services that only shares learning with members for a competitive advantage.

Our afternoon was filled with learning about ACA, the Asociation de Cooperatives Argentinas. ACA is a cooperative of cooperatives, a large organization providing services to its 140 member cooperatives representing multiple agricultural sectors. We learned the primary objectives of ACA are to help the farmers and cooperative members in commercialization of farming production, logistics, ports, and financing. From the "perspective" of Class XII, ACA is Argentina's version of Land O' Lakes. We also heard from Nodos, which is a foundation within ACA that was developed with a purpose to strengthen the cooperative network with initiatives in adult and youth education, insurance services, outreach, and tourism. Nodos' primary pillars are training and development, management tools, and cooperative culture. The "perspective" we gained was that of a 4-H/FFA with an extension services flair. Rounding our learning on day two, we had an educational presentation from Axel, our technical translator, that giving us "perspective" around the climate, major crops, export markets, and a further breakdown of the economics of agriculture in Argentina.

The evening concluded with Class XII members taking in the sights, sounds, flavors, and culture of the capital city. Tomorrow we leave Buenos Aires and head into the farming regions of the country.

-By reporter Elliot Kinnander

-Photographer Kiera Leddy

Feb. 18, 2025

Day three in Argentina started early as Class XII boarded a bus for Mercado Agroganadero (MAG) which is a large livestock market an hour outside of Buenos Aires. MAG sits on 30 hectares of land and is owned by 43 livestock brokers. MAG was established in 1901 and until 2022 it sat in the heart of Buenos Aires. MAG is especially important to Argentine cattle ranchers because these sales are used to set the basis for the country's cattle prices. (photos were not allowed)

As Class XII stepped off the bus we were welcomed by the loud ringing of a bell that calls the buyers to the pen of the next auction that is about to start. We cleared security and headed to the catwalks above the cattle pens to experience a live cattle auction. The experience was different from an American sale barn because the cattle stayed in one pen and buyers bought the cattle from the catwalks above the pens. On busy days MAG has the capacity to sell up to 10,000 head, as auctioneers are selling multiple pens at the same time. There is no time to waste if you want to buy a pen of cattle as the auctioneer walks along the catwalk and only pauses briefly at a pen before he sells it.

Class XII loaded back onto the bus for a quick trip back to the hotel to pack and change before going to the American Embassy in Buenos Aires. We were welcomed at the Embassy by South Dakota native Chase McGrath. Chase is the USDA Foreign Ag Service agricultural attache for the United States in Argentina. Chase introduced us to Acting Ambassador Abigail Dressel who discussed the mission of the Embassy with Class XII. Abby explained that it is their job to make the U.S.'s relationship with Argentina stronger, more secure, and more prosperous. The Embassy also has the responsibility to protect American visitors and the 40,000 Americans living in Argentina. One of the challenges facing Argentina is high inflation, which in recent years has been as high as 200% annually. She also discussed how capital controls have limited investment and improvements within the country. The current Argentine government is working hard to address these issues.

Next Chase discussed the issues and opportunities he faces as the agricultural attache. One of the biggest responsibilities is to track what is happening with current crops as this directly affects U.S. markets. Chase discussed how Argentine and U.S. policy often closely align because of the similarities between both countries, which makes Argentina a valuable partner when dealing with European Union regulations. Lastly, Chase told us the top exports from the United States to Argentina are essential oils which are used to flavor foods; distilled spirits; and seed stock. Abby and Chase wrapped up our discussion by saying working with Argentina is not a zero sum game; "Our win is not their loss." The two countries have different enough markets that a benefit to Argentina will also benefit the United States. To wrap up the visit, Class XII toured the Embassy building, which is a highly requested post in the foreign service, second only to the office in Paris. The embassy building was originally a palace for the Bosch family. An interesting fact about the building is it was completely assembled by the designer in France. After it was built it was taken down, labeled, and then shipped to Buenos Aires to be reassembled. "It's like one big Lego set," our tour host said.

With the visits completed and after another tasty meal, the class boarded the bus for a four-hour drive northwest to Rosario.

-By reporter Justin Boerboom

-Photographer Lane LeBrun

Feb. 19, 2025

Class XII departed the big city and went to the country. The first stop of the day was at the Association of Cooperatives Argentina (ACA) grain shipping facility in Jesus Maria. This is a port facility for ACA and they can load three cargo ships a month; each ship can hold up to 60,000 metric tons. Iara Kayser was our host from ACA and took us on a tour from the trucks' arrival to the loading of barges. When a truck enters the facility, their grain is graded, weighed, and unloaded within a half-hour of arrival. Due to Argentina's infrastructure issues, most grain is delivered to the facility 1,100 bushels at a time by a variety of trucks. We saw new BMW trucks and trucks that had tie-down straps holding the hood down. On arrival, the trucks check in at the main gate and receive an electronic pass that opens only the gates they need to reach their destinations. The trucks move on to the grain grading facility where crops are graded for moisture, protein, foreign materials, and broken grain. This process is mostly automated and all results are automatically calculated by a computer. The facility receives soybeans, corn, sunflowers, and red corn also known as flynt.

After the grain is graded it goes to be unloaded, which was one of the most interesting steps in the process. Most smaller trucks do not have lift systems to dump the grain, so instead they lift the whole truck in the air at a 60-degree angle so the grain will empty. After the trucks are emptied the grain moves to one of the 31 8,100 metric ton storage bins. The facility can hold up to 200,000 metric tons at a time which can load about 4 barges. When the grain is ready to be loaded it moves along a sophisticated conveyor belt that can monitor the grain for issues while it's moving and has a built-in fire suppression system. The barges take a day and a half to load, with employees working six-hour shifts. Because the river level at the facility can fluctuate, barges are loaded to 60% of their capacity and then taken downriver to a second facility that will finish loading the ship.

After the tour, we got on the bus and took a three-hour trip to Alto Alegre to visit a farm and ranch. The Marico's operation started in 2010 when Max returned from college and then had the opportunity to buy land. They have 3,000 acres of farm and range where they raise soybeans, corn, and sunflowers. On the range land, they raise red angus cattle that have American genetics. Their farming operation is no-till, with minimal fertilization on the corn crop they side-dress nitrogen and apply MAP at planting. They use variable-rate seeding to plant between 40-60,000 seeds per acre in 21-inch rows.

Some of the biggest challenges facing Argentine farmers are high export taxes, poor transportation routes, and minimal communication abilities. To illustrate their point, we drove 6 miles to their second farm and the drive took 35 minutes. Their "county roads" are best described as section lines or field roads. At the second farm, we dove into the information about their cattle operation. Marico's raise 300 head of red angus cattle with 150 head of those being cow-calf pairs. In the spring and fall the cattle are grazed on alfalfa fields with the extra alfalfa being hayed. In the summer they move the cattle to their brushy ground with a stocking rate of 1 cow per 5 acres. In the winter they will graze crop stubble and cover crops. Their vaccination program is similar to many operations in the United States, the exception is they have to give copper shots every three months because the ground is so low in this mineral.

As we stood around the corral talking about how they raise cattle, I was struck by the fact that the details were slightly different but I have had this same conversation a hundred times with friends. This was brought home for me when Max said to raise cattle in Argentina you need to be passionate about raising them or else it doesn’t make sense to be in the business.

To wrap up the day we went to Marico's headquarters where they cooked an asada and had refreshments for the class. It was a perfect way to wrap up a day in the country. After eating we had a one-hour bus ride to Villa Maria for a good night's rest.

-By reporter Justin Boerboom

-Photographer Lane LeBrun

Feb. 20, 2025

As SDARL Class XII continues our journey through Argentina’s agricultural sector, today’s visits provided valuable perspective on the role of research, irrigation, and large-scale farming in shaping the country’s production landscape.

Our morning began with a visit to the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), a leading research institution dedicated to advancing agricultural productivity, sustainability, and innovation. 

A major focus of our visit was irrigation research, as INTA is conducting experiments on drip vs. conventional irrigation, sensor-based soil moisture monitoring, and alternative water sources. Given Argentina’s varying climate conditions and water availability, these studies are crucial for improving long-term agricultural sustainability.

Another area of research we explored was no-till farming and crop rotations. INTA has been conducting a nearly 30-year study examining the effects of various crop rotations, cover crops, and tillage practices on soil health, water retention, and overall productivity. The long-term data provides valuable insights into how different farming methods impact yields and sustainability, reinforcing the importance of soil conservation practices in modern agriculture. This research aligns with many of the conservation efforts we see in the U.S., highlighting a shared commitment to improving long-term land stewardship.

In addition to field trials, we observed small experimental field plots and a 300-head dairy operation, where INTA is working on optimizing feed efficiency, herd health, and production practices. Seeing the integration of crop and livestock research reinforced the importance of data-driven innovation in addressing modern agricultural challenges.

Following a lunch break and a small celebration for Program Director Jen Henrie’s birthday, we traveled to a 6,000-hectare (roughly 15,000-acre) farm, where we had discussions around input costs, production strategies, and logistical challenges. The farm operators provided insight into their approach to managing large-scale production while navigating economic factors such as inflation and export regulations. A highlight for many was seeing two John Deere S Series combines in the shop, leading to various discussions about machinery use, maintenance, and the role of precision technology in modern agriculture.

Reflecting on the theme of perspective, today’s visits highlighted the importance of research-driven farming practices, efficient water management, and the resilience of producers navigating economic, political, and logistical constraints. The insights gained will undoubtedly provide valuable takeaways for SDARL Class XII as we continue exploring Argentina. 

-By reporter Tyler Samuelson

-Photographer Phil De Groot

Feb. 21, 2025

As the SDARL Class XII trip continues, today offered a mix of cutting-edge agricultural technology and a chance to unwind in the Argentina countryside.

Our morning started with a drive through Córdoba, Argentina’s second-largest city, where our guide shared a bit of the city's history. Córdoba is known for its rich colonial past, strong university presence, and industrial importance, making it a fitting destination for today’s visits.

Our first stop was CNH Industrial, a key player in Argentina’s agricultural manufacturing sector, which is celebrating 10 years of production at this facility. The plant produces Case IH and New Holland tractors and combines, playing a crucial role in supplying machinery to farmers across South America.

During our tour of the tractor and combine production lines, we saw firsthand the precision and efficiency involved in assembling these machines. The scale of operations, with an annual output of approximately 2,000 combines and 4,000 tractors, was impressive.

One of the most interesting discussions centered around telemetry and predictive maintenance. CNH uses an advanced real-time monitoring system to track equipment performance and anticipate mechanical issues before they occur. This proactive approach is designed to maximize uptime for farmers and prevent costly breakdowns.

Before a piece of equipment leaves the plant, it undergoes a series of quality tests. Some of our classmates got to experience this firsthand, taking test rides in sprayers and combines, which provided a unique perspective on the level of detail that goes into final inspections before delivery.

After wrapping up our time at CNH, we headed south and stopped for lunch in Santa Rosa de Calamuchita, a picturesque town set in the Calamuchita Valley. Running through the heart of this community is the Santa Rosa River, a clear, gentle stream that proved too tempting to resist for a few in our group, who took a quick swim to cool off. Others opted for some time to relax and soak up the sun. 

The rest of the afternoon was spent traveling and enjoying some leisure time. As our journey continues, we’re gaining a deeper understanding of Argentina’s agricultural landscape—its innovations, and challenges.

-By reporter Tyler Samuelson

-Photographer Phil De Groot

Feb. 22, 2025

Today provided Class XII with some much-needed rest, as our start wasn’t as early as in previous days. We boarded a flight from Córdoba to Mendoza, the heart of Argentina’s wine country. Upon arrival, we had a few free hours to enjoy lunch and explore the beautiful city before heading to Kaiken Winery for a tour, tasting, and dinner.

Kaiken Winery, located in the Vistalba district of Mendoza, was established in 2002 by Aurelio Montes, a renowned Chilean winemaker. The name “Kaiken” is derived from “Caiquén,” a wild goose native to Patagonia that migrates across the Andes between Chile and Argentina, symbolizing Montes’ journey in founding the winery. Kaiken is committed to producing high-end wines with a focus on organic practices, exporting to 113 countries worldwide. Their goal is to craft premium wines that reflect the unique terroir of Mendoza. 

During our visit, we learned that Kaiken employs traditional winemaking techniques, utilizing concrete vats instead of the more commonly used stainless steel tanks. This choice imparts a distinct mineral character to their wines. The winery produces 2-3 million liters annually, intentionally operating below full capacity to maintain quality. Their vineyards are dry-farmed, relying on natural rainfall, which means they cannot irrigate at will. This practice encourages deep root growth and contributes to the complexity of the wines. Nick, our resident wine producer, closely inspected their methods and gave his approval.

A unique aspect of Kaiken’s winemaking process is the use of Gregorian chants played in their cellars. These chants are believed to create micro-vibrations that help polish tannins, resulting in softer, silkier wines. If there’s a power outage, restoring the music is a priority to maintain this tradition. 

The winery also places importance on honoring women in winemaking, recognizing their contributions to the industry. Additionally, we heard an intriguing story about the owner’s race car buddy who survived a crash and claimed to have seen an angel, adding a personal touch to our visit.

Kaiken produces a range of wines, including sparkling varieties that require a second fermentation. Interestingly, Japan is their primary market for these sparkling wines. 

Our day concluded with a delightful dinner at Kaiken’s on-site restaurant, Ramos Generales, overseen by Argentine celebrity chef Francis Mallmann. The meal featured dishes cooked over an open flame, perfectly paired with Kaiken’s exquisite wines. As a thunderstorm rolled in and lightning lit up the sky, it made for a memorable experience for everyone. 

-By reporter Melisa Goss

-Photographer Kevin Blagg

Feb. 23 and 24, 2025

Our final day of touring included a visit to Mount Aconcagua, the highest peak in the world outside of the Himalayas. We also saw Puente del Inca church, which is especially revered due to its miraculous survival from a mudslide that destroyed everything around it. After our bus lost air conditioning, we had an unplanned stop at a roadside security checkpoint to wait for our new, cooled bus. Class XII rallied to enjoy a farewell dinner and spend a last few moments enjoying this wonderful experience as the best of friends.

Our last day in country included a morning flight to Buenos Aires and a boat tour of the Rio de la Plata, the delta and major shipping port. An overnight flight brought most of us back to South Dakota, with a few class members staying behind to explore more of Argentina.

After 10 days, 8 airports, countless hours on a bus, and thousands of photographs, Class XII has had the adventure of a lifetime, with friendships and memories to treasure.

-By Program Director Jennifer Henrie

-Photographer Kevin Blagg

Feb. 25, 2025

With Class XII returning from the international seminar in Argentina, we have had a few moments to reflect on the experience. The seminar theme was "perspective," and the learning opportunities we enjoyed and the new relationships we formed gave us a vantage point to examine our place in the world.

Perspective also came when class members suffered family emergencies and health issues during our travels, reminding us to slow down and remain grateful for the blessings of friends, family, living in the USA, and being South Dakotans.

We hope you have enjoyed our blog and image gallery, and we invite you to share the SDARL journey... and perhaps gain some perspective of your own.

-By Program Director Jennifer Henrie

-Photo of South Dakota sunset by Brian Walsh